Recommended Web sites:

You can learn more about Samuel Wasser's elephant work at www.depts.washington.edu/conserv/Ivory%20Trax.html (University of Washington).

More information about elephants is available at kids.nationalgeographic.com/Animals/
CreatureFeature/African-elephant (National Geographic Kids).

To learn more about Mahmood Shivji's shark research, visit www.nova.edu/ocean/ghri/sharkresearch.html (Guy Harvey Research Institute).

Find more information about sharks, along with pictures and shark-related activities at www.kidzone.ws/sharks (Kidzone).

For an educational and entertaining shark experience designed for kids, visit www.sosforkids.com (Save Our Seas Foundation).

Harder, Ben. 2004. Pinpointing poachers: Gene sleuths map illicit elephant kills. Science News 166(Oct. 2):214. Available at http://www.sciencenews.org/articles/20041002/fob7.asp .

Milius, Susan. 2007. Too few jaws: Shark declines let rays overgraze scallops. Science News 171(March 31):197. Available at http://www.sciencenews.org/articles/20070331/fob5.asp .

Raloff, Janet. 2006. New estimates of the shark-fin trade. Science News Online (Nov. 4). Available at http://www.sciencenews.org/articles/20061104/food.asp .

______. 2004. Shark finning faces broader sanctions. Science News Online (Dec. 11). Available at http://www.sciencenews.org/articles/20041211/food.asp .

______. 2002. Clipping the fin trade. Science News 162(Oct. 12):232-234. Available at http://www.sciencenews.org/articles/20021012/bob10.asp .

______. 2002. No way to make soup—Thirty-two tons of contraband shark fins seized on the high seas. Science News Online (Sept. 7). Available at http://www.sciencenews.org/articles/20020907/food.asp .

Sohn, Emily. 2007. Big machine reveals small worlds. Science News for Kids (Oct. 24). Available at http://www.sciencenewsforkids.org/articles/20071024/Feature1.asp .

______. 2004. Crime lab. Science News for Kids (Dec. 15). Available at http://www.sciencenewsforkids.org/articles/20041215/Feature1.asp .

______. 2004. Gene sleuths track down ivory sources. Science News for Kids (Oct. 6). Available at http://www.sciencenewsforkids.org/articles/20041006/Note3.asp .

______. 2003. Helping to save elephants. Science News for Kids (Dec. 10). Available at http://www.sciencenewsforkids.org/articles/20031210/Feature1.asp .

______. 2003. Baby swaps, crime scenes, and DNA testing. Science News for Kids (Aug. 20). Available at http://www.sciencenewsforkids.org/articles/20030820/Feature1.asp .

From The American Heritage® Student Science Dictionary, The American Heritage® Children's Science Dictionary, and other sources.

black market The illegal purchase or sale of goods, such as those that were caught illegally or for which the sale of their products—such as ivory—has been banned.

DNA Short for deoxyribonucleic acid. The genetic material determining the makeup of all living cells and many viruses. It consists of two strands of nucleotides linked in a structure resembling a ladder. DNA can replicate itself.

dung The feces of an animal.

ivory The smooth, hard, yellowish-white substance forming the tusks of elephants and walruses and the teeth of certain whales.

middleman Someone who works between two other parties, such as a hunter and dealer of fish or game animals. A middleman might buy tusks from a hunter and sell them to a person that shapes them into art for sale to the public.

poach 1. To trespass with the purpose of stealing animals, such as to take game or fish illegally. 2. To take animals by illegal methods. 3. To steal.

Copyright © 2002, 2003 Houghton-Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Used with permission.